Four-dimensional space? It is very simple! Or "the Theory of Spaces".

© Любарь Владимир Яковлевич

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NEW SIGHT AT THE THEORY OF THE RELATIVITY.

INTRODUCTION.                    

      There is an opinion that is impossible to reach speed of light (С) [1] for the reason, that at dispersal the weight and acceleration will grow will fall, and at approach speed (С), the weight will aspire to indefinitely big size. It turns out, what at achievement of any speed V, light will be distributed forward - more slowly, back - is faster? Thus the constancy of speed of light and the theory of a relativity falls. Leaves, that there is a certain ether concerning which speed - concept absolute, and laws of classical mechanics of Newton on the big speeds, any more do not work. Einstein has entered concept of "the Special Theory of a Relativity" (STR) from hopelessness. In my opinion, contradictions between OTR[2] and STR, not paradoxes, and incidents. 

    I have found an output from this "desperate" position, and have proved, that laws of Newton and Euclid's geometry - are identical on any speeds, and the theory of a relativity - is UNIFORM! Also there can not be in it what that an exception and amendments. Besides I have resolved Einstein's paradoxes, including "paradox of twins".  
     Imagine - one-dimensional space (line). How many they can be in a plane? Infinite set. Now imagine this two-dimensional space (plane). How many they can be in three-dimensional space? As infinite set. Well and if space four-dimensional?
So, and three-dimensional spaces in four-dimensional space there can be an infinite set! 
         If to start with it all paradoxes and incidents at once disappear!
        What is the speed? These are kilometers a second. But whose kilometers, and in whose second? Who put a roulette to emptiness? The kind of one space from another, will be deformed. We when we look at world around through different lenses are not surprised, and we do not speak, that there behind a lens geometry not such, and mechanics not Njuton` s.
      Imagine person - flat`s, living in different planes which are under a corner to each other, in three-dimensional space. Each of them will assert, that at them there all is flattened, and acceleration is less (see. Fig. 1).

Rice 1 the Projection of one two-dimensional in another two-dimensional.

      Speed of light (С), or speed of the maximal interaction is a zero space where it is long, height, width – a zero, weight – the zero, time is absent. Any approach speed With is not present, and cannot be (proceeding from a constancy of speed С). Light is "carrots on a fishing tackle ahead of a donkey" [3] (the same as both behind and on each side). How many we would not be dispersed, concerning light we always cost on a place, only we change spaces. At dispersal, neither the weight at us does not increase, nor acceleration does not fall, laws of Newton do not vary, and all rest is kept, as before, and to be dispersed it is possible as much as necessary. We shall simply leave in other spaces, in each of which we cost on a place. While we go with acceleration – we change spaces, have switched off the engine - were fixed in last space where all laws are identical. The concept "about at horizon speed" – becomes inappropriate, is simple from other spaces will so seem.     

Imagine an air ball, and someone inflates it. On equator of a ball points, equally spaced are drawn. You look, how the ball is inflated. Points which opposite to you, others will run up faster, - among themselves as though more slowly, and leave for horizon. Go from other side, and there will be the same, but for other points. Any of points will not leave from a surface of a sphere, i.e. will not rise above horizon. As also speed of any object cannot exceed [4] speed With, from what space we on him would not look.

There is a static curvature of space, for example – gravitation. Imagine Person – flat’s which lives in the two-dimensional plane, and does not know that about the third measurement.

   How he represents itself a curvature of space? (a Fig. 2) 

Curvature he imagines, as condensation of structure of the space, like as the blotting paper passes in more dense paper, then in a cardboard because he does not imagine the third measurement. 

Fig. 2

Now we shall look at a curvature two-dimensional from a position of a three-dimensional essence. (a Fig. 3; 4)                                                            

   Fig. 3

Fig. 4

               From figure 3 it is visible, that each cell can be continued mentally equally indefinitely, i.e. curved two-dimensional in three-dimensional is as a matter of fact set of two-dimensional spaces in three-dimensional space!   

Precisely as also the person, does not imagine set of three-dimensional spaces in the four-dimensional World. 

 The space one seems to it, that, and the curvature of space is something like condensation of structure of space (as in our example with Person - flat` s in a Fig. 2).

And the myth about certain "ether", the certain substance filling emptiness was born. 

And now, till now do not die away disputes on an ether because it is hard to imagine the four-dimensional World. 

Imagine: we cost on the Earth, legs at us in one space, a trunk in the friend, a head in the third (roughly speaking). All spaces are developed in the fourth measurement (in time), but they hardly hardly are displaced, be relative each other. The body aspires to slide (in time) in equal space, but the point of a support does not let, deformation of a body, or an overload is created. To you and force through emptiness. The fourth measurement is time, so it not a static's, and dynamics.

Something similar occurs and at dispersal, through a point of a support. 

We admit the jet engine of a rocket works. There is a transition from one space, in another, the fifth, the tenth. The body as though resists to displacement of time, response – inertia. Inertia is a force of resistance, force of counteraction. To each action there corresponds counteraction.

Force of action is equal to force of counteraction!

To you action of the fourth measurement (time).

But here it is necessary to make a reservation at once: it is impossible to draw direct analogies, if at a planet a static curvature of space which creates dynamics at dispersal we dynamically change spaces.

Any weight bends space and if to speak more precisely, set of three-dimensional spaces with smooth transition between them, in the fourth measurement.

And the more weight, the more strongly a bend. The closer to weight, the more difference in the beginning and the end of events in time, with more removed sites. It looks as the accelerated moving of weights to each other. Notice, that moving, it and is events in different points of time (in the fourth measurement), and accelerated because the difference of three-dimensional spaces, with the same three-dimensional next spaces in the fourth measurement collects. And if weights rest each other it is perceived as force, deformation.

She, force through emptiness!

Also corpuscles and other graviton’s, in vacuum, a cat are not necessary here what thread. Name an ether which it is ostensibly pulled or push bodies.

And who, is asked, pulls them through these corpuscles?

Where a power source?

And so she this force Time (the fourth measurement)!

There will be no time, senselessly to speak and about any force, in fact this miracle can exist only in time! Time a zero, and force a zero.

All this World are miracles of set of three-dimensional spaces, in the fourth measurement, for us it is perceived as a course of time!

The geometry four-dimensional should be understood, and it needs other thinking, within the framework of habitual thinking the further development of a science is impossible!

 In a I-part of the work " the THEORY of SPACES ", I shall in detail tell about it, with mathematical proofs, I shall deduce formulas. Together with me you make fascinating travel to the nearest star, and will evidently see, how time for the Earth and in a rocket flows (The chapter - 5).

The work, despite of mathematical calculations, I have written in the popular form, she throws light on the Theory of the Relativity, she is accessible to understanding.

In To the chapter - 9, i shall more in detail tell about "paradox of twins".

And many other phenomena, find an explanation only in my theory.   

     

  Copyrights are protected, in Tiraspol 21.09.2000г., under №000005; MD3300, Moldova, Tiraspol, Charles Libknehta's 383 street, RAIS Ministerstva justitsii, bodies: 5-17-37.
     In
Kishiney 28.09.2000, the Certificate № 420/350, " the THEORY of SPACES ", the State agency of republic Moldova under copyrights. MD-2012. Kishiney, street. Shyseva 55, bodies: 22-35-42; 22-26-53; a fax: 22-60-94.


Ljubar Vladimir Jakovlevich                                     September, 2000, Tiraspol.

 
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Extreme editing of    14-11-2005.

 


[ 1] Speed of light (radio waves) - 300 thousand in km/s. (In round figures).

[2] OTR – the general theory of a relativity.

[3] Forgive for such comparison.

[4] Word "to exceed" it is necessary to perceive only conditionally the same as and "to reach" (speeds С).

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